A Comparative Semantic Analysis of Fixed Expressions in Arabic and French: Implications for Translation

Abstract

 This study focuses on fixed expressions in Arabic and French, such as proverbs, maxims, and idiomatic expressions, from a comparative semantic perspective. It examines the structural and semantic differences between these expressions, highlighting the influence of environment and culture on shaping their meanings and uses. The study also sheds light on the challenges involved in translating them between the two languages, including religious, cultural, and geographical differences. Translating an equivalent proverb or expression from one language to another often proves to be more complex, requiring the translator to take into account four key elements in cases where no direct equivalent exists in the target language. These elements ensure an accurate translation that considers semantic, functional, linguistic, and referential aspects. The study aims to enhance foreign language teaching and develop comparative dictionaries dedicated to proverbs and fixed expressions, thereby fostering cultural understanding and language acquisition among Arabic and French speakers. Based on these premises, a number of questions arise, summarized as follows: • To what extent do fixed expressions contribute to creating simplified guides that help learners understand, utilize, and enrich their  linguistic repertoire? • How can fixed expressions be leveraged in teaching Arabic to non-native speakers?