التحليل الصوتي واللفظي للحرف المشددة في اللغة العربية الفصحى الحديثة
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منشور:
Dec 25, 2015
الكلمات المفتاحية:
اللغة العربية – التشديد – التحليل الفزيائي – التحليل الفيزيولوجي.
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الملخص
:
يتناول هذا البحث دراسة تجريبية حول الخصائص الفيزيائية والفيزيولوجية للحرف المشددة في اللغة العربية .لإستخراج الخصائص الفيزيائية، قمنا بتحليل فيزيائي يتمثل في استخراج قيم البواني الصوتية، الشدة والمدة الزمنية لنطق الصوامت والصوائت المجاورة في السياقات المختلفة .لهذا الغرض، استعملنا الجهاز الطيفي وكذا البرمجيات الحاسوبية . وفي ما يخص التحليل الفيزيولوجي، استعملنا الجهاز لمتابعة وتسجيل حركات اللسان أثناء الكلام. وقمنا بدراسة عدة ظواهر فيزيولوجية تمثل حركة اللسان.كما سمح لنا جهاز بعرض صوري وتحليل جل المعطيات التي تمثل حركات طرفي اللسان ووسطه. ومن أهم النتائج المتحصل عليها، نذكر ارتفاع قيمة المدة الزمنية للحركة التي تتبع الحرف المشدد وكذا انخفاض مستوى البواني الصوتية ف1 ف2 وارتفاع مستوى ف3 لهذه الحركة
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كيفية الاقتباس
فراتك., & قرتيم. (2015). التحليل الصوتي واللفظي للحرف المشددة في اللغة العربية الفصحى الحديثة. AL-Lisaniyyat, 21(2), 71-88. https://doi.org/10.61850/allj.v21i2.306
القسم
Articles
المراجع
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Al-Tammimi, F.Y., 2004. An experimental phonetic study of intervocalic singleton and geminate sonorants in Jordanian Araic.Al-Arabiyya: journal of the American association of teachers of Arabic , 29,37-52.
Alfonso,P.J., Neely, J.R., Van Lieshout , P.H.H.M.,Hulstjin, W.,Herman, F.M.P., 1993.Calibration,Validation , and Hardware-software Modifications to the carstens EMMA system.forschungsber.Inst.Phonet.sprachl.Kommun.,Munchen,31,105-120.
Arvaniti,A.,and tserdanelis, G.,2000.on the phonetics of geminates: evidence from Cypriot Greek.In: proceeding of 6th international conference on spoken language processing, bejing, china, (vol.2,pp.559-562).
Bouarourou, F., Vaxelaire,B.,Ridouane, R.,Hirsch, F.,Sock R.(2008). Gemination in tarifit Berber : X-Ray And Acoustic Data.in :proceeding of the 8th ISSP,Strasbourg,France, (pp.117-120).
Cohn, A., Ham, W.,podesva, R., 1999.The phonetic realization of singleton-geminate contrasts in three languages of Indonesia.Proceedings of the 14th ICPhs99, san Francisco, USA, (pp.587-590).
Delattre, p., 1971.Pharyngeal features in the consonants of Arabic, German, Spanish,French, and American English.phonetica, 23,129-55.
Dkhissi-Boff,M.C.(1983).Contribution à l’etude expérimentale des consonnes de l »arabe.Trav.de l’inst.Phonétique de strasbourg (TIPS), 15,1-363.
Esposito,A.,Di Benedetto, M. G.,1999.Acoustical Society of America, 106, 2051-2062.
Ferrat, K., Baazi, K., Guerti, M.,2007.Etude acoustico-articulatoire de l’emphase en arabe standard.International conf.in translation and language processing.orzn, Algeria.
Ferrat,K., 2005.Acoustical study of the tasdid and the idgam in standard Arabic-application for speech synthesis.IEEE int.Conf.Sciences of Electronic, Technol.of inform.and telecom.SETIT2005,Susa, Tunisia.
Galand,L.,1997.Les consonnes tendues du berbére et leur notation.Linguistique africaine, 19,57-76.
Ghalib,G.B.M.,1984.An experimental study of consonant germination in Iraqi Spoken Arabic.Unpublished PHD Thesis, University of leeds.ac.uk-record=b1455013-s4.
*
Hassan,Z.M.,2003.Temporal compensation between vowel and consonant in Swedish et Arabic in sequences of CV:C et CVC : and the word overall duration.phonum,9,45-48.
___,2002.Gemination in Swedish and Arabic with a particular reference to the preceding vowl duration .an instrumental and comparative approach.Fonetik, Tmh-QPSR, 44(1), 081-084.
Hoole , p., 1996. Issues in the acquisition, processing, reduction and parameterization of articulographic data.Forschungsber.INST.Phonet.sprachl.Kommun.,Munchen,34, 158-173.
Khattab,G.,AL-Tamimi, J.,2008.Phpnetic cues to Gemination in Lebanese Arabic.Laboratory Phonology 11,Labphon 11 abstracts, ed.paul Warren, Wellington,New zeland, (pp.75-76).
Lahiri, A., and Hankamer,J.,1988.Phonetic implementation of geminates in Malayalam nouns.In : proc .14th ICPHS99,San Francisco, Usa,(Vol.1,pp.595-598).
Lofqvist, A.,2007.Tongue movement Kinematics in long and short Japanese consonants.Journal of the acoustical society of America, 122(1),512-518.
___,2005.Lip Kinematics in long and short stop and fricative consonants.journal of the acoustical society of America, 117(2),858-878.
Maddieson, I.,1985.Phonetic cues to syllabification.In phonetic Linguistics.V.Fromkin (ed),Academic press New-york, (pp.203-221).
Obrecht, D.H.,1965.Three experiments in the perception of geminate consonants in Arabic.Language and speech,8,31-41.
Payne,E.M.,2006.Non-durational indices in Italian geminate consonants.journal of the international phonetic association,36(1),83-95.
Ridouane,R.,2007.Gemination Tashlhiyt berber: an acoustic and articulatory study.Journal of the international phonetic association,37(2),119-142.
Roman,A.,1983.Etude de la phonologie et de la morphologie de la koiné arabe.Tome I ,Université de provence, aix-en-provence, France, 682pp.
Rossetti,R., 1994.Gemination of Italian stops.Journal of the Acoustical society of America,95(5),2874.
Shrotriya,N.,Siva Sarma,A.S.,Verma, R., and Argrawal,S.S., 1995.Acoustic znd perceptual characteristics of geminate Hindi stop consonants.In : proc.of ICPHS95, Stockholm,Sweden,(pp.132-135).
Smith, C.L.,1995.Prosodic patterns in the coordination of vowel and consonant gestures.In Laboratory phonology IV: Phonology and phonetic evidence, B.Connell and C.Arvaniti (eds).Cambridge U.P., (pp.205-222).
Stevens,M.,and Hajek,J.,2004. Comparing voiced and voiceless geminates in sienese Italian: what role does preaspiration play?.In: proceedings of the 10th Australian International conference on speech science and technology, Macquarie university, Sydney, Australia,(pp.340-345).
Trigui, A., Maraoui, M., and Zrigui, M.,2010.THE Gemination effect on consonant and Vowel Duration in standard Arabic speech.11th ACIS Intern.conf.on software engineering artificial intelligence Networking and parallel-distributed computing (Snpd), university of Greenwich , London, (pp.102-105).
Vaxelaire, B., 2007.Le geste et la production de la parole.résultats et implications d’etude quantitatives cinéradiographiques.Habilitation à diriger des recherches(HDR).Université Marc Bloch, strasbourg2, France,133pp
____,2005.Lip Kinematics in long and short stop and fricative consonants. Journal of the acoustical society of America, 117(2), 858-878.,1995.single vs.double (abutted) consonants across speech rate.X-ray and acoustic data for French.In :ptoc .13th ICPHS95,Stockholm, Sweden , (vol.1,pp.384-387)
Zeroual,C., fuchs, S., Hoole , p., and Esling J.H., 2006.Kinematic study of Moroccan Arabic simple and geminate obstruent : evidence from transillumination.in :proc .7th ISSP, Ubatuba, Brazil, (pp.287-294).
ZERoual, C.? Hoole, P., and Gafos, A.L., 2008.Spatio-temporal and kinematic study of Moroccan Arabic coronal geminate plosives.In :proc.8th Issp, srasbourg, France,pp.133-136.
Al-Tammimi, F.Y., 2004. An experimental phonetic study of intervocalic singleton and geminate sonorants in Jordanian Araic.Al-Arabiyya: journal of the American association of teachers of Arabic , 29,37-52.
Alfonso,P.J., Neely, J.R., Van Lieshout , P.H.H.M.,Hulstjin, W.,Herman, F.M.P., 1993.Calibration,Validation , and Hardware-software Modifications to the carstens EMMA system.forschungsber.Inst.Phonet.sprachl.Kommun.,Munchen,31,105-120.
Arvaniti,A.,and tserdanelis, G.,2000.on the phonetics of geminates: evidence from Cypriot Greek.In: proceeding of 6th international conference on spoken language processing, bejing, china, (vol.2,pp.559-562).
Bouarourou, F., Vaxelaire,B.,Ridouane, R.,Hirsch, F.,Sock R.(2008). Gemination in tarifit Berber : X-Ray And Acoustic Data.in :proceeding of the 8th ISSP,Strasbourg,France, (pp.117-120).
Cohn, A., Ham, W.,podesva, R., 1999.The phonetic realization of singleton-geminate contrasts in three languages of Indonesia.Proceedings of the 14th ICPhs99, san Francisco, USA, (pp.587-590).
Delattre, p., 1971.Pharyngeal features in the consonants of Arabic, German, Spanish,French, and American English.phonetica, 23,129-55.
Dkhissi-Boff,M.C.(1983).Contribution à l’etude expérimentale des consonnes de l »arabe.Trav.de l’inst.Phonétique de strasbourg (TIPS), 15,1-363.
Esposito,A.,Di Benedetto, M. G.,1999.Acoustical Society of America, 106, 2051-2062.
Ferrat, K., Baazi, K., Guerti, M.,2007.Etude acoustico-articulatoire de l’emphase en arabe standard.International conf.in translation and language processing.orzn, Algeria.
Ferrat,K., 2005.Acoustical study of the tasdid and the idgam in standard Arabic-application for speech synthesis.IEEE int.Conf.Sciences of Electronic, Technol.of inform.and telecom.SETIT2005,Susa, Tunisia.
Galand,L.,1997.Les consonnes tendues du berbére et leur notation.Linguistique africaine, 19,57-76.
Ghalib,G.B.M.,1984.An experimental study of consonant germination in Iraqi Spoken Arabic.Unpublished PHD Thesis, University of leeds.ac.uk-record=b1455013-s4.
*
Hassan,Z.M.,2003.Temporal compensation between vowel and consonant in Swedish et Arabic in sequences of CV:C et CVC : and the word overall duration.phonum,9,45-48.
___,2002.Gemination in Swedish and Arabic with a particular reference to the preceding vowl duration .an instrumental and comparative approach.Fonetik, Tmh-QPSR, 44(1), 081-084.
Hoole , p., 1996. Issues in the acquisition, processing, reduction and parameterization of articulographic data.Forschungsber.INST.Phonet.sprachl.Kommun.,Munchen,34, 158-173.
Khattab,G.,AL-Tamimi, J.,2008.Phpnetic cues to Gemination in Lebanese Arabic.Laboratory Phonology 11,Labphon 11 abstracts, ed.paul Warren, Wellington,New zeland, (pp.75-76).
Lahiri, A., and Hankamer,J.,1988.Phonetic implementation of geminates in Malayalam nouns.In : proc .14th ICPHS99,San Francisco, Usa,(Vol.1,pp.595-598).
Lofqvist, A.,2007.Tongue movement Kinematics in long and short Japanese consonants.Journal of the acoustical society of America, 122(1),512-518.
___,2005.Lip Kinematics in long and short stop and fricative consonants.journal of the acoustical society of America, 117(2),858-878.
Maddieson, I.,1985.Phonetic cues to syllabification.In phonetic Linguistics.V.Fromkin (ed),Academic press New-york, (pp.203-221).
Obrecht, D.H.,1965.Three experiments in the perception of geminate consonants in Arabic.Language and speech,8,31-41.
Payne,E.M.,2006.Non-durational indices in Italian geminate consonants.journal of the international phonetic association,36(1),83-95.
Ridouane,R.,2007.Gemination Tashlhiyt berber: an acoustic and articulatory study.Journal of the international phonetic association,37(2),119-142.
Roman,A.,1983.Etude de la phonologie et de la morphologie de la koiné arabe.Tome I ,Université de provence, aix-en-provence, France, 682pp.
Rossetti,R., 1994.Gemination of Italian stops.Journal of the Acoustical society of America,95(5),2874.
Shrotriya,N.,Siva Sarma,A.S.,Verma, R., and Argrawal,S.S., 1995.Acoustic znd perceptual characteristics of geminate Hindi stop consonants.In : proc.of ICPHS95, Stockholm,Sweden,(pp.132-135).
Smith, C.L.,1995.Prosodic patterns in the coordination of vowel and consonant gestures.In Laboratory phonology IV: Phonology and phonetic evidence, B.Connell and C.Arvaniti (eds).Cambridge U.P., (pp.205-222).
Stevens,M.,and Hajek,J.,2004. Comparing voiced and voiceless geminates in sienese Italian: what role does preaspiration play?.In: proceedings of the 10th Australian International conference on speech science and technology, Macquarie university, Sydney, Australia,(pp.340-345).
Trigui, A., Maraoui, M., and Zrigui, M.,2010.THE Gemination effect on consonant and Vowel Duration in standard Arabic speech.11th ACIS Intern.conf.on software engineering artificial intelligence Networking and parallel-distributed computing (Snpd), university of Greenwich , London, (pp.102-105).
Vaxelaire, B., 2007.Le geste et la production de la parole.résultats et implications d’etude quantitatives cinéradiographiques.Habilitation à diriger des recherches(HDR).Université Marc Bloch, strasbourg2, France,133pp
____,2005.Lip Kinematics in long and short stop and fricative consonants. Journal of the acoustical society of America, 117(2), 858-878.,1995.single vs.double (abutted) consonants across speech rate.X-ray and acoustic data for French.In :ptoc .13th ICPHS95,Stockholm, Sweden , (vol.1,pp.384-387)
Zeroual,C., fuchs, S., Hoole , p., and Esling J.H., 2006.Kinematic study of Moroccan Arabic simple and geminate obstruent : evidence from transillumination.in :proc .7th ISSP, Ubatuba, Brazil, (pp.287-294).
ZERoual, C.? Hoole, P., and Gafos, A.L., 2008.Spatio-temporal and kinematic study of Moroccan Arabic coronal geminate plosives.In :proc.8th Issp, srasbourg, France,pp.133-136.