نهج الشخص في التعامل مع المبني للمجهول في اللغة العربية الفصحى*
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منشور:
Jun 19, 2017
الكلمات المفتاحية:
العربية - المجهول الشخصي - المجهول الصرفي التركيبي - الشخص - الادنوية - أ- حركة - ض عام - حزمة الاعراب.
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الملخص
تتناول هذه الورقة موضوع المبني للمجهول الشخصي في العربية الفصيحة، وتقترح منهاجا مبنيا على الموضوعات المضمرة. يفترض الباحث ان ضمير الغائب (ض) هو الفاعل أو الموضوع الخارجي للمجهول. كون ض هو الفاعل المضمر في المجهول يكتسب دليلا من القرينة في المبني للمعلوم، وبطريقة نحوية حوسبية مشابهة لما في الاخير ويعد هذا احد افتراضات البرنامج الادنوي الهامة والتي يسعى البحث لاثباته. كما يفترض الباحث ان صرفة المجهول (صم) المضافة الى الفعل مرتبطة ودالة على والوجود النحوي والحوسبي لـ ض، ويفترض ايضا ان صم لها مجال تركيبي مج تر ومخصص (مخص) و آب ب، والذي يتطلب تاويله مركب حدي مر حد) في مخصص مج تر. ض ينتج ابتداءا في المخصص الفعلى الوظيفي (مخ ف (ظ) ويبقى في مكانه لان سمته الشخصية ضعيفة» بحيث لا يستطيع اشباع سمة ا ب ب للمخصص مج تر. في مخ ف ظ يتم اشباع الدور المحوري لـ ض والاعراب الخاص به ولان ض ضعيف» فانه لا يستطيع اشباع ا ب ب لـ مج تر، ولذا فان اب ب يقوم بتحريك نائب الفاعل أو مر حد) الى مخصص مج تر، كما يبرهن الباحث أن عملية تحريك نائب الفاعل الى مج ترهي عملية
اساسية في بناء المجهول الشخصي في العربية، خلافا لما يراه بعض النحاة.
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كيفية الاقتباس
شورمانيم. (2017). نهج الشخص في التعامل مع المبني للمجهول في اللغة العربية الفصحى*. AL-Lisaniyyat, 23(2), 85-134. https://doi.org/10.61850/allj.v23i2.290
القسم
Articles
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Baker, Mark. 2008. The syntax of agreement and concord, Cambridge: Cam- bridge University Press.
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Benmamoun, Elabbas. 1999. Spec-head agreement and overt Case in Ara- bic. In David Adger, Susan Pintzuk, Bernadette Plunkett and George Tsoulas (eds.), Specifiers: Minimalist approaches, 110-125. Oxford: Oxford Univer- sity Press.
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Benmamoun, Elabbas, 2000. The feature structure of functional categories. A Comparative study of Arabic dialects. Oxford University Press.
Blevins, James. 2003. Passives and impersonals. Journal of Linguistics 39. 473-520.
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Chomsky, Noam. 1995b. Bare phrase structure. Evolution and Revolution. In Héctor Campos and Paula Kempchinsky (eds.), Linguistic Theory, 51-107. Georgetown University Press.
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Chomsky, Noam, 2001. Derivation by phase. In Michael Kenstowicz (ed.), Ken Hale: A Life in Language, 1-52. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Chomsky, Noam. 2008. On phases. In Robert Freidin, Carlos Otero and Maria Zubizarreta (eds.), Foundational issues in linguistic theory. Essays in honor of Jean-Roger Vergnaud, 133-166. Cambridge, MAA: MIT Press.
Cinque, Guglielmo, 2006. Restructuring and functional heads. The Cartogra- phy of Syntactic Structures 4. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Cinque, Guglielmo and Luigi Rizzi. 2010, The Cartography of syntactic struc- tures. In Bernd Heine and Heiko Narrog (eds.) The Oxford handbook of gram- matical analysis, 51-65. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Citko, Barbara. 2014. Phase Theory: an Introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Cocchi, Gloria, 2008. Bantu verbal extensions: a cartographic approach. In Vincenzo Moscati and Emilio Servidio (eds.), Proceedings XXXV Incontro di Grammatica Generativa Università di Siena [Studies in Linguistics 31. 90- 103.
Collins, Chris, 2005. A smuggling approach to passive in English. Syntax 8:2 81-120.
- Danks, Warwick, 2011. The Arabic Verb: Form and Meaning in the Vow- el-Lengthening Patterns. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Demirdache, Hamida. 1988. Nominative NPs in modern standard Arabic. ms., MIT.
Demirdache, Hamida. 1991. Resumptive chains in restrictive relatives, appo- sitives, and dislocation structures. Unpublished PhD Dissertation, MIT.
Embick, David. 1998. Voice systems and the syntax-morphology interface. In Heidi Harley (ed.), The Proceedings of the Penn and MIT workshop on aspect, argument structure, and events, May 1997. MIT Working Papers in Linguistics 32. Cambridge MA, MIT: MIT Working Papers in Linguistics. 41-72.
Embick, David. 2004. Unaccusative syntax and verbal Alternation. In Artemis Alexiadou, Hagit Borer and Florian Schäfer (eds.), The syntax of roots and the roots of syntax. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 137-159.
Fassi Fehri, Abdelkader. 2012. Key feature and parameters in Arabic gram- mar. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Fox, Danny. 2000. Economy and semantic interpretation. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Frajzyngier, Zygmunt. 1982, Indefinite agent, passive and impersonal passive: A functional study. Lingua 58, 267-290,
- Goodall, Grant. 1993. On Case and the passive morpheme. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 11.31-44.
Haegeman, Liliane. 1994. Introduction to government and binding theory. (2nd Ed.) Cambridge, Massachusetts: Blackwell.
Harley, Heidi, 2013. External arguments and the Mirror Principle: On the dis- tinctness of Voice and v. Lingua 125, 34-57.
Holmberg, Anders. 2005. Is there a little pro? evidence from Finnish. Linguis- tic Inquiry 36:4. 533-564.
Holmberg, Anders. 2010. Null subject parameters, In Theresa Biberauer, An- ders Holmberg, lan Roberts, Michelle Sheehan. Parametric variation: null subjects in minimalist theory, 88-124. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hornstein, Norbert. 1999. Movement and control. Linguistic Inquiry 30, 69- 96.
Jacggli, Osvaldo. 1986, Passive. Linguistic Inquiry 17:4.587-622.
Kiparsky, Paul. 2013. Towards a null theory of the passive. Lingua 125, 7-33.
Kratzer, Angelika. 1996. Severing the external argument from its verb. In Jo- han Rooryck and Laurie Zaring (eds.), Phrase Structure, the Lexicon, 109- 137. Dordrecht: Kluwer.
Kratzer, Angelika. 2009. Making a pronoun: Fake indexicals as windows into the properties of pronouns. Linguistic Inquiry 40.187-237.
Laks, Lior. 2009. The formation of Arabic passive verbs: lexical or syntactic? Proceedings of I4T1, 25. http://www.linguistics.huji.ac.il/1ATL/25/Laks.pdf. (accessed on 17 July 2015).
Lappin, Shalom and Ur Shlonsky, 1993. Impersonal passives. Journal of Lin- guistics 31.5-24.
- Larson, Richard. 1988. On the double object construction. Linguistic Inquiry 19.335-391.
Lasnik, Howard. 2003. Minimalist investigations in linguistic theory. Rout- ledge Ltd.
Legate, Julie. 2003. Some interface properties of the phase. Linguistic Inquiry 34, 506-516.
Mahajan, Anoop. 2003. Word order and (remnant) VP movement. In Simin Karimi (ed.), Word order and scrambling, 217-237. Oxford: Blackwell.
Majdi, Basim. 1990. Word order and proper government in Classical Arabic. In Mushira Eid (ed.), Perspectives on Arabic Linguistics 1, 155-172, Ams- terdam: John Benjamins.
Maling, Juan. 2006. From passive to active. Syntactic change in progress in Icelandic. In Benjamin Lyngfelt/Torgrim Solstad (eds.), Demoting the agent, 191-223. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Maling, Juan and Sigríður Sigurjónsdóttir (2002) The new impersonal construction in Icelandic. The Journal of Comparative Germanic Linguistics 5. 97-142.
Marantz, Alec. 1997. No escape from syntax: Don't try morphological analy- sis in the privacy of your own lexicon (http://www.uni-leipzig.de/-muellerg/ dm2.pdf). (accessed on 12 July 2014),
gv. Unpublished PhD Dissertation, MIT.
McCarthy, John. 1981. A prosodic theory of non-concatenative morphology. Linguistic Inquiry 12. 373-418.
McCloskey, James. 2000. Quantifier float and wh-movement in an Irish Engli- sh. Linguistic Inquiry 31.57-84.
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